Humanity's resource consumption has surpassed 100 billion tonnes annually, with a mere 7.2% being recycled, leaving the majority to be discarded, wasted, or incinerated for fuel. As we look ahead to 2050, when Earth is projected to house 10 billion inhabitants, the demand for infrastructure, electronic devices, automobiles, and various other products is set to surge. This increased demand naturally entails a higher need for energy and materials throughout the manufacturing process. Manufacturers, who play a significant role in handling these vast quantities of resources, are now compelled to respond to society's evolving expectations and demands.